Crown PS-400 Manuel d'utilisateur

The Virginia Tech Calibration System Javier O. Fernandez Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Unive

P a g e | 3 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 1.1 NIST Phase Measurement Unit Calibration System. [Stenbakken,

P a g e | 4 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. The IEEE 1344-1995 Synchrophasor Standard Thi

P a g e | 5 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez For steady state analysis, it required that the phasor measureme

P a g e | 6 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez This standard specified the required phasor reporting rates for 50 Hz and

P a g e | 7 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez The TVE is a comparison between a theoretical phasor X and an

P a g e | 8 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez show a higher level of detail for dynamic PMU performance requirements, t

P a g e | 9 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 3. THE VIRGINIA TECH CALIBRATION SYSTEM DESIGN 3.1. Requirements Decomp

P a g e | 10 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez specification and also defines an alternate setup where best available t

P a g e | 11 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Table 3.1 Hardware modules used in the NIST designs Synchronization Sou

P a g e | 12 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez A time error of 1 µs corresponds to a phase error of 0.022° for a 60 Hz

The Virginia Tech Calibration System Javier O. Fernandez ABSTRACT Phasor measurement unit (PMU) applications on power grid monitoring systems h

P a g e | 13 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez capable of handling phasor computations for reporting rates of up to 30

P a g e | 14 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez All compliance tests are to be performed under steady-state condi

P a g e | 15 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez The NIST designs provides a set of automated tests for all PM

P a g e | 16 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 3.2.1. System Description and High-level Architectural Depiction The ov

P a g e | 17 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 3.3. Steady-state Design The National Instrument platform was selected

P a g e | 18 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 3.3.1. Time Source The time source is used as a reference for time stam

P a g e | 19 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez The signal generation hardware selected for the Virginia Tech Calibratio

P a g e | 20 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez In the Virginia Tech Calibration System, the signal processing tasks wer

P a g e | 21 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Tech design uses two GPS modules. The Arbiter 1084B has a UTC synchroniz

P a g e | 22 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 3.4. Dynamic Testing Design The dynamic testing design is similar to

iii List of Figures ...

P a g e | 23 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 3.5. Calibration The Virginia Tech Calibration System is compensated f

P a g e | 24 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 4. STEADY-STATE TESTING This chapter shows the results of test performe

P a g e | 25 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 4.4, and 4.5. The Error_Stats_Vector computes other frequency st

P a g e | 26 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 4.2 MagTestRunNI VI block diagram

P a g e | 27 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 4.3 Voltage magnitude accuracy test results 4.1.2. Phase Accura

P a g e | 28 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez It updated the test signal phase automatically during the test using Rot

P a g e | 29 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 4.5 PhaseTestRunNI VI block diagram

P a g e | 30 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 4.6 Phase accuracy test results

P a g e | 31 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 4.1.3. Frequency Accuracy The FreqTestRunNI VI is used to run th

P a g e | 32 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 4.7 FreqTestRunNI VI front panel

iv5. Dynamic Testing ... 35 5.1. Ste

P a g e | 33 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 4.8 FreqTestRunNI VI block diagram

P a g e | 34 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 4.9 Frequency accuracy test results

P a g e | 35 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 5. DYNAMIC TESTING This chapter shows the results of test performed by

P a g e | 36 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.1 NI_DUT_Step_add VI block diagram

P a g e | 37 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.2 Run_Step_Test_on_DUTs_add VI front panel 5.1.1. Dynamic Mag

P a g e | 38 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez For the current magnitude step change test, the current is ste

P a g e | 39 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.4 Magnitude step change test results 5.1.2. Dynamic Phase Res

P a g e | 40 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.5 Phase step change test signal (-45˚)

P a g e | 41 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.6 Phases step change test signal (+45˚)

P a g e | 42 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.7 Phase step change test results (-45˚)

vList of Figures Figure 1.1 NIST phase measurement unit calibration system. ... 3 Figure 1.2 Dia

P a g e | 43 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.8 Phase step change test results (+45˚) 5.1.3. Dynamic Freque

P a g e | 44 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.9 Frequency step change test signal (-2Hz)

P a g e | 45 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.10 Frequency step change test signal (+2Hz)

P a g e | 46 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.11 Frequency step change test results (-2Hz)

P a g e | 47 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez Figure 5.12 Frequency step change test results (+2Hz)

P a g e | 48 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS A test stand for steady-state and dy

P a g e | 49 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez REFERENCES 1. IEEE Standard for Synchrophasors for Power Systems, IEEE

P a g e | 50 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 21. National Instruments, 2.16 GHz Dual-Core Embedded Controller for PX

P a g e | 51 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez APPENDIX A. NI PXI-6682 TIMING MODULE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Table A.1

P a g e | 52 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez APPENDIX B. OMICRON CMC 156 EP TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Figure B.1 shows

viList of Tables Table 2.1 Required PMU reporting rates. ... 6

P a g e | 53 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez APPENDIX C. NI PXIE-6356 DATA ACQUISITION MODULE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

P a g e | 54 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez APPENDIX D. NI PXI-6733 ANALOG OUTPUT MODULE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Ta

vii List of Acronyms PMU Phasor measurement unit NASPI North American Synchrophasor Initiative NIST National institute of standards and technolo

P a g e | 1 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez 1. INTRODUCTION The Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), also known as

P a g e | 2 The Virginia Tech Calibration System, © 2011, Javier Fernandez NASPI working group and task teams has already extended to a more glo